COMMON INDONESIAN WORDS
BAHASA INDONESIA PRONUNCIATION GUIDE
| LETTER
A B C (tj*) D E F G H I J (dj*) K L M N NG NY (nj*) O P R S T U (oe*) W Y (J*) |
INDONESIAN
ambil, Anda, makan bayar, ambil, lembab cari, becak dari, duduk empat, sedang fajar golok, lagi hangat, tanah itu, mari, siapa, jual, hujan kecil, ikut, mogok lalu, Lembang malam, timur nasi, manis, sabun singgah, uang nyanyi, oli, kopi, benio paling, krupuk rendah, piring, kabar sayur, kosong tentu, barat urusan, puncak,tentu wortel, tawar yang |
ENGLISH
far, Bali boy, club child, match doll, fad elephant, fall, life girl, good, leg Hannah it, pin joy, jewel kill, sticky lovely, fall mad, him now, any, son singing, wing can you olive, follow pill, help purring ‘rolled’ sister, song triplet, pat blue, ruin wave, tower yellow, yes |
NOTE: Indonesian pronunciation is very regular. The way each letter is pronounced does NOT vary with different words.
* denotes old spelling which is still used in names.
https://balijavapocketguide.com/useful-indonesian-grammar/
https://balijavapocketguide.com/helpful-indonesian-phrases/
Word Lists are:
Numbers, Personal Pronouns, Time-markers, Noun classifiers, Food and Drink, Clothing, Colours, Parts of the Body, Occupations, Transportation, Animals, Weather, Geography, Art and Culture, In the Home, At the Tailor’s, At the Workshop, On the Beach.
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x ÷ – + = total |
NUMBERSnol satu, se- before other numbers or objects dua tiga (e)mpat lima (e)nam tujuh delapan sembilan se-puluh sebelas duabelas tigabelas dua-puluh dua-puluh-lima tiga-puluh tiga-puluh-tujuh (e)mpat-puluh-satu delapan-puluh-sembilan se-ratus dua-ratus tiga-ratus enam-puluh-empat se-ribu tujuh-puluh-dua sembilan-ribu lima-ratus delapan-belas lima-puluh enam-ribu empat- ratus sembilan-puluh-tujuh se-juta se per enam se tengah (centre) se per empat tiga per delapan (per = over) kali bagi kurang tambah jadi/ sama dengan jumlah |
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
| YOU :
anda, saudara kamu kalian engkau bapak ibu saudara tante om kowe sampeyan lu oo bibi, babu
mas first name you
dik kak nyonya nona
I : saya aku gua/gue abdi kulo dalem kita OTHER: kita
kami
beliau dia, nya
mereka |
normal Bahasa Indonesia
(Bl) (singular) personal BI (singular) normal BI (plural) normal BI (singular) father mother brother aunt (Dutch) uncle (Dutch) common Javanese (ngoko) high Javanese (kromo) Bahasa Jakarta (Hokkien) Dutch aunt, (common Javanese for female servant) brother (Javanese) unmarried female use of English to avoid choice mate (younger brother/sister) mate (older brother/sister) Mrs. Miss
normal BI common Javanese (ngoko bahasa Jakarta (Hokkien) bahasa Sunda (West Java) high Javanese (Kromo) high Javanese (Kromo inggil us (as in English)
we/us (including person being spoken to). we/us (excluding person being spoken to), i.e. speaker and third person(s). he/she, him/her (polite) he/she, him/her (3rd person singular) they |
| TIME MARKERS
akan
sudah/telah sedang
sambil
dulu nanti belum pada waktu lain kali masa depan tempo hari jaman dulu tadi baru saja masih kapan? kalau
ketika sementara segera langsung kemarin besok lusa minggu yang lalu akan datang |
will, shall (indicates future tense) already (indicates past tense) in the proces of .. (indicates continuous tense) two actions happening at the same time before, formerly later (on) not yet at the time of .. some other time in the future the other day in the old days a short while ago just now still when? if, when, habitual action, conditional when (in the past) concurrent action soon right away, directly yesterday tomorrow day after tomorrow last week coming |
NOUN CLASSIFIERS
| batang
biji buah butir ekor helai orang potong tusuk tangkai lembar gelas |
stick of (e.g. cigarette)
piece of (small objects) piece of (large objects) grain of (e.g. rice) for animals sheet of (e.g. paper) for a person slice of stick of (e.g. sate) stick/stalk of sheet of glass of (e.g. coffee) |
FOOD
| nasi
beras padi daging sapi ayam ikan cumi-cumi kepiting sayur-sayuran kentang wortel kol kol kembang kacang kacang tanah kacang merah kacang polong kacang panjang (kacang ) buncis jambu monyet kacang hijau ketimun kambing udang telur kodok mie babi bawang Bombay bawang merah bawang putih jahe cabe, lombok bebek buah-buahan mangga papaya nenas jeruk jagung air putih/ air tawar masak mentah goreng rebus panggang bakar sop/sup minyak manis pahit kecut/asam air teh kopi pedas kue gula susu basi piring mangkok cangkir gelas pisau garpu sendok sumpit saus kecap biskuit haus lapar kenyang mendidih golok cuci mulut |
boiled rice
husked rice unhusked rice meat beef chicken fish squid crab vegetables potato carrot cabbage cauliflower nut peanut kidney bean sugar pea string bean green pea cashew nut mung bean cucumber goat prawn, shrimp egg frog noodle pig white onion brown onion garlic ginger chilly duck fruit mango paw-paw pineapple citrus fruit corn drinking water (boiled) ‘’ ‘’ ‘’ to cook raw fry boiled roast grilled soup oil sweet bitter sour water tea coffee spicy hot cake sugar milk off (spoilt) plate bowl cup, mug glass knife fork spoon chopsticks sauce, gravy sauce (tomato) biscuit thirsty hungry full, had enough boil (100 C) chopper, cleaver dessert |
CLOTHING (PAKAIAN)
| pakai
baju, kemeja celana kaus sapu tangan sepatu sandal kaus kaki topi pakaian dalam jas kaus wol rok, gaun dasi blus kebaya sarung selendang pici
penghiasan |
to wear
shirt trousers, pants t-shirt handkerhief shoe thongs sock hat underwear coat, jacket jumper, pullover dress, skirt tie blouse traditional blouse traditional wraparound shawl Muslim headwear (black) for males jewellery |
COLOURS (WARNA-WARNI)
| merah
merah jambu ungu jingga kuning hijau biru coklat abu-abu putih hitam tua muda |
red
pink violet orange yellow green blue brown grey white black dark light |
PARTS OF THE BODY (BAGIAN BADAN)
| kepala
rambut telinga, kuping mata mulut pipi bibir leher tenggorokan dada lengan tangan jari jempol punggung perut jantung hati paru-paru darah gigi janggut kumis bulu badan dagu lidah |
head
hair ear eye mouth cheek lips neck throat chest arm hand finger thumb back stomach heart liver lungs blood tooth beard moustache body hair chin tongue |
OCCUPATIONS (PEKERJAAN)
| Mahasiswa/i
guru sekretaris penganggur insinyur dagang pengusaha buru jururawat tukang pragawati pramugari murid |
student (university)
teacher secretary unemployed person engineer trade businessman labourer nurse tradesman model air stewardess pupil (school) |
NOTA : suffix’i’ denotes female.
TRANSPORTATION (TRANSPORTASI)
| becak
bis bemo
bajaj
ojek opelet colt colt travel
charter karcis kereta api pesan tempat duduk berdiri berangkat tiba, sampai stamplat stasiun sepeda sepeda motor mogok dokar pesawat kapal laut perahu |
pedal powered 3 wheel
bus very small mini-bus with fixed route 4 wheels 3-wheeled mini-taxi in Jakarta bicycle or motor-bike used as taxi. large station-wagon with fixed route Mitsubishi mini-bus for intercity use. As above, express to the door (esp Central Java), hire for private use (usually for colt) ticket train to book seat to stand to depart to arrive terminal terminal bicycle motor bike broken down horse-drawn wagon aeroplane ship, boat wind-born boat |
ANIMALS (HEWAN / BINATANG)
| anjing
kucing gajah lembu burung kerbau elang cecak tikus kecoa semut laba-laba lalat nyamuk kuda harimau ular ikan hiu monyet, kerah singah |
dog
cat elephant cow bird buffalo eagle, hawk ghekko, lizard mouse, rat cockroach ant spider fly mosquito horse tiger snake shark monkey lion |
WEATHER (CUACA)
| panas
dingin sejuk hangat hangin hujan gerimis salju hujan es banjir kemarau lembab segar hawa, iklim |
hot
cold cool warm wind rain sprinkling snow hail flood drought humid fresh climate |
GEOGRAPHY (ILMU BUMI)
| desa, kampung
kota kota-besar Ibu-kota bukit gunung kali, sungai lembah rawa danau benua pulau jalan gang, lorong |
village
town city Capital city hill mountain river valley swamp lake continent island road lane, alley |
ART & CULTURE (SENI DAN BUDAYA
| lukisan
patung ukiran agama candi, pura sembahyang kris gamelan gaib selamatan ulama menari tarian kraton kebatinan priyayi santri abangan
dalang wayang kulit golek orang dukun jiwa Tuhan ilmu kuno |
painting
statue carving religion temple to pray dagger Javanese orchestra mysterious religious meal Islamic leader to dance (traditional) traditional dance palace mysticism ruling class orthodox Muslim non-orthodox Javanese Muslim Javanese puppeteer shadow play skin, leather mask person spiritual healer, magician spirit God science ancient |
IN THE HOME (DI RUMAH)
| rumah
kamar kamar tidur kamar makan kamar mandi kamar kecil kamar tamu ruang tamu dapur meja kursi bangku lantai tembok, dinding pintu cendela lampu atap tangga |
house, home
room bedroom dining room bathroom toilet guest room living room kitchen table chair bench, stool floor wall door window light, lamp roof stairs |
AT THE TAILORS (DI TUKANG JAHIT)
| longgar
sempit panjang pendek kerah kantong di dalam tambah kurang terlalu potong lipat jahit ukuran menukur |
loose, baggy
tight long short collar on the inside more less too (much) to cut to fold to sew measurements to measure |
(see also clothing & parts of the body).
DI BENGKEL (AT THE WORKSHOP)
| mesin
ahli mesin mobil sepeda motor bensin oli minyak busi platina kenalpot karburator roda ban ban dalam mogok bocor batuk rein aki, baterai peta alat peti sok breker tanki meteran kecepatan distroom diservis diminyaki |
engine
mechanic car motor bike petrol oil grease spark plug contact points exhaust pipe carburetor wheel tyre tube broken down leaking coughs and splutters brake battery map tool, utensil box shock absorber tank speedometer to be charged up (battery) to be tuned up to be greased |
ON THE BEACH (DI PANTAI)
| pantai
pasir laut samudra berenang matahari jemur ombak main ski |
beach
sand sea ocean to swim the sun to lie in the sun wave to surf |
FURTHER READING
The following books are recommended further reading on Bali and Java.
General
Blackwood, R.; Beautiful Bali. Hampden Hall Melb. 1970 • Covarrubias, M.; Island of Bali. Cassel, London, 1937 • Fryer, D. & Jackson; Indonesia. Westview, Colorado, 1977 • McPhee, C., A House in Bali. Oxford Uni Press, 1979
History
Day, C.; The Dutch in Java. Oxford in Asia, 1966 • Legge, J.; Indonesia. Spectrum, P. Hall, 1964 • Legge, J.; Sukarno. Allen Lane, London, 1972 • Raffles, S.; The History of Java. London, 1830 • Ricklefs, M.; Jogya Under Sultan Mangkubumi. Oxford Uni, 1974
Society
Dutch Scholars; Life & Ritual in Bali. Van Hoeve • Geertz, C.; Agricultural Involution. Uni of Cal., 1963 • Geertz, C.; Religion of Java. Glencoe Paperb, III, 1963 • Sievers, A.; Mystical World of Indonesia, J. Hopkins, Bait. 1974
Political Economy
Mackie, J.; Chinese of Indonesia. T. Nelson, 1976 • May, B.; Indonesian Tragedy. Routledge & Paul, Lon. 1978 • McVey, R. (Ed); Indonesia. Yale Uni, New Haven, 1963 • Mortimer, R. (Ed); Showcase State. Angus & Rob. Sydney, 1973 • Robison, R.; Indonesia The Rise of Capital. Allen & Unwin, 1986
The Arts
Holt, C.; Art in Indonesia. Cornell UP, 1967 • Soedarsono; Dances in Indonesia. G. Agung, Jak., 1974
- Zoete, B. & Spies, W.; Dance & Drama in Bali. Oxford UP, 1973
bali-and-java-guides-all-editions
About the Book:
First published in 1986, Bali and Java : The Pocket Guide was one of the earliest backpacker guides that covered the Indonesian islands of Bali and Java. The book was the first to contain an in-depth language section, based on situational dialogues; as well as travel info, culture and history. It followed in the footsteps of Southeast Asia on a Shoestring and Indonesia Handbook.
In 1992 the book was revamped and became part of the Maverick Guide Book series, published in Gretna, La, USA.
About the Author:
Don Turner’s Indonesia story started during gap-year travels around South-east Asia. He has lived and worked in Indonesia for many years.
